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Y8 - SU1.5 - Representing Text

⏱️ Do It Now

Create a OneNote Page and copy this into the title:

Lesson 5 - Summer Term 1 - Representing Text



Copy this into a OneNote Page and complete it

📝 Do It Now

Answer each of the following:

(1) What are the three small lights in a pixel called?

(2) Explain what an audio sample is:
     🎵 What is it a measurement of?
     🎵 How many bits are used per sample?
     🎶 How many samples are taken per second?

 


Extension Question: Convert some hexadecimal numbers to denary with the converter app, and print screen your results below.

Hexadecimal Conversion Practice

 

🎯 Learning Objectives


  • LO1: Describe what ASCII is and why it was developed
  • LO2: Be able to decode and encode message between text and binary

📖 Everybody Reads

Data Representation So Far

So far, we have learned that computers store data using binary — patterns of 1s and 0s.

🔺We discovered how numbers can be represented in binary, and how humans often use hexadecimal to make long binary numbers shorter and easier to read.

🔺We also explored how images can be stored as binary by representing pixels with numbers, and how sound can be stored using binary sound samples.



Now, we will learn how computers store text characters such as letters, numbers, and symbols using binary 1s and 0s.

📝 Storing Text with ASCII

How Computers Store Characters

Computers cannot understand letters directly. Instead, each character is stored as a unique 8-bit binary number.

This system is called ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange).

Each letter, number, symbol, or control code has its own binary value.

Because ASCII uses 8 bits, it can represent:

28 = 256 different characters

🔢 ASCII Character Ranges

What Are The ASCII Codes Used For?

  • 0–31 → Control characters (instructions such as new line or tab)
  • 32 → Space character
  • 48–57 → Numbers 0–9
  • 65–90 → Capital letters A–Z
  • 97–122 → Lowercase letters a–z
  • 123–255 → Extra symbols and extended characters


For example:(Character ➡️ Binary ➡️ Denary

  • A = 01000001 = 65
  • a = 01100001 = 97
  • 5 = 00110101 = 53

💬 Example ASCII String

The Word "CAT"

😺

C A T
01000011 01000001 01010100

Each character is stored separately as its own 8-bit binary number.

💬 Another ASCII Example

The Word "hello"

🙋🏽‍♀️

h e l l o
01101000 01100101 01101100 01101100 01101111

Longer pieces of text are simply many ASCII characters stored one after another.

📝 Written Activity

Copy this into your OneNote Page and complete it

📝 Independent Activity (1)

Questions:

  1. How many bits are used to store one ASCII character?
  2.  

  3. How many different characters can ASCII represent?

  4.  

  5. Why do computers use binary numbers to store text?

  6.  

  7. What is the range of numbers used for capital letters?

  8.  

🧩 ASCII Challenge (1)

Decode The Message Below

Convert each denary ASCII value into binary.

If your binary conversion is correct, the character will glow green and appear!

Denary
72
H
Denary
101
e
Denary
108
l
Denary
108
l
Denary
111
o
Denary
32
Denary
87
W
Denary
111
o
Denary
114
r
Denary
108
l
Denary
100
d

⚠️ ASCII Challenge (2)

Decode The Message Below

Convert each denary ASCII value into binary.

Correct answers will glow green and reveal the hidden message.

Denary
67
C
Denary
82
R
Denary
73
I
Denary
84
T
Denary
73
I
Denary
67
C
Denary
65
A
Denary
76
L
Denary
32
Denary
69
E
Denary
82
R
Denary
82
R
Denary
79
O
Denary
82
R

Do Your Own Encoding

Now you have translated a message with ASCII it is time to write your own message.


Click on This Link to write your own message


Remember to screenshot your message and paste it into OneNote

🕰️ Plenary

📝 MWB Reflection Task

Open the mini-whiteboard app in a new tab

Your teacher will start with these leading questions:

  • How many possible characters can be represented with ASCII
  • How many bits are used to store a single ASCII character?
  • How characters aren't from our standard alphabet?

🧮 Binary to Denary Helper

Click the 1s and 0s to turn bits on or off.

128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Denary Value: 0